Economics 518B
Seminar on Applied Econometrics
II: Time Series Techniques and Applications
Spring 2001, TTh 11:30-1:00, Eads 102
James Morley,
Assistant Professor of Economics
Office Hours: TTh 1:00-2:00 or by appointment, McMillan
243
Tel: (314) 935-4437
Email: morley@wueconc.wustl.edu
Class
Announcements
(Most recent announcement posted on January 19)
Homework
Assignments
(Pdf files of assignments are posted here)
Presentation
Schedule
COURSE DESCRIPTION
This is a survey course on time series econometric techniques,
with applications in macroeconomics, international finance, and finance.
Topics include ARMA models, the Box-Jenkins methodology, and forecasting;
VARs and impulse response functions; time trends, unit roots, and structural
breaks; spurious regressions; trend/cycle decomposition methods, including
Kalman filtering; spurious cycles; cointegration; ARCH models of volatility,
and Markov-switching models. Following the bulk of the applied literature,
we will stick to the classical framework and the time domain. While there
are two textbooks, a lot of emphasis will be put on readings from economics
journals.
OBJECTIVES
An important objective of this course is to survey the
core literature in applied time series econometrics. However, the primary
objective is to stimulate interest in the time series approach, with the
ultimate aim of providing students with the necessary tools to conduct
their own original research in the area. To this end, the course requires
a research project, discussed below, rather than any written exams.
PREREQUISITES
A good grasp of basic mathematical statistics and linear
algebra is necessary for the course. The mathematical appendix in the Hamilton
textbook provides a good summary of useful mathematical and statistical
tools. I will assume everyone has taken the first year econometrics sequence.
REQUIREMENTS
There will be a series of homework assignments that will
involve generating and interpreting computer output from EViews and GAUSS.
There will also be a major research project. There are no exams for the
class.
The research project will have three stages. In the first
stage, students will make an appointment to meet with me in order to propose
a topic. While original research that applies the time series techniques
discussed in the course would be most welcome, it is expected that students
will take an existing empirical study and extend it by changing, or at
the very least updating, the data used in the original study. Potential
source papers are denoted with asterisks in the reading list below. Other
papers will be allowed, but must be cleared with me first. I will allow
students to work in pairs, if they choose. However, if you do, you must
make it clear to me how you plan to “divvy up” the work in an equitable
fashion. The second stage of the project will be an in-class presentation.
The presentations will be sometime around the middle of the semester. Therefore,
it is not expected that students will report on any final results. Instead,
students should try to motivate why their project is interesting and teach
some of the details of its implementation in a way that engages the other
students. For the final stage, students will submit a paper that motivates
the issue, presents in detail the implementation of the econometric techniques,
and summarizes the results.
TEXTBOOKS
There are two required texts for the course:
Time Series Analysis, by James D. Hamilton, Princeton
University Press, 1994.
State-Space Models with Regime Switching, by Chang-Jin
Kim and Charles R. Nelson, MIT Press, 1999.
Other texts that students may find useful are the following:
Econometrics, by Fumio Hayashi, Princeton University
Press, 2000.
The Econometric Modelling of Financial Time Series,
Second Edition, by Terence C. Mills, Cambridge, 1999.
The Econometrics of Financial Markets, by John Y. Campbell,
Andrew W. Lo, and A. Craig MacKinlay, Princeton University Press, 1997.
Applied Econometric Time Series, by Walter Enders,
Wiley, 1995.
Time Series for Macroeconomics and Finance, by John
Cochrane, Unpublished Lecture Notes, 1997. Available on Cochrane’s
website at the University of Chicago Graduate School of Business.
TOPICS
1. Overview
-
Diebold, F.X., 1998, The Past and Present of Macroeconomic
Forecasting, Journal of Economic Perspectives 12, 175-192.
2. ARMA Models, the Box-Jenkins Methodology, and Forecasting
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Hamilton, ch. 1-5
-
Mills, ch. 2
-
Enders, ch. 1-2
3. VARs and Impulse Response Functions
-
Hamilton, ch. 10-11
-
Sims, C.A., 1972, Money, Income, and Causality, American
Economic Review 62, 540-552.
-
Sims, C.A., 1980, Macroeconomics and Reality, Econometrica
48, 1-48.
-
Granger, C.W.J. and P. Newbold, 1974, Spurious Regressions
in Econometrics, Journal of Econometrics 2, 111-120.
4. Trend/Cycle Decomposition
-
Kim and Nelson, ch. 1-3
-
Hamilton, ch. 13
-
Canova, F., 1998, Detrending and Business Cycle Facts, Journal
of Monetary Economics 41, 475-512.
-
*Beveridge, S. and C.R. Nelson, 1981, A New Approach to Decomposition
of Economic Time Series into Permanent and Transitory Components with Particular
Attention to Measurement of the “Business Cycle”, Journal of Monetary Economics
7, 151-174.
-
Watson, M., 1986, Univariate Detrending Methods with Stochastic
Trends, Journal of Monetary Economics 18, 49-75.
-
*Clark, P., 1987, The Cyclical Component of U.S. Economic
Activity, Quarterly Journal of Economics 102, 797-814.
-
*Blanchard, O.J. and D. Quah, 1989, The Dynamic Effects of
Aggregate Demand and Supply Disturbances, American Economic Review 79,
655-673.
-
*Cochrane, J.H., 1994, Permanent and Transitory Components
of GNP and Stock Prices, Quarterly Journal of Economics 104, 241-263.
-
Gonzalo, J. and C. Granger, 1995, Estimation of Common Long-Memory
Components in Cointegrated Systems, Journal of Business and Economic Statistics
13, 27-35.
-
Morley, J.C., C.R. Nelson, and E. Zivot, 2000, Why Are Beveridge-Nelson
and Unobserved-Component Decompositions of GDP So Different? Working Paper,
Washington University and University of Washington.
5. Spurious Cycles
-
Nelson, C.R. and H. Kang, 1981, Spurious Periodicity in Inappropriately
Detrended Time Series, Econometrica 49, 741-751.
-
Nelson, C.R. and H. Kang, 1984, Pitfalls in the Use of Time
as an Explanatory Variable in Regression, Journal of Business and Economic
Statistics 2, 73-82.
-
*Nelson, C.R., 1988, Spurious Trend and Cycle in the State
Space Decomposition of a Time Series with a Unit Root, Journal of Economic
Dynamics & Control 12, 475-488.
-
*Cogley, T. and J.M. Nason, 1995, Effects of the Hodrick-Prescott
Filter on Trend and Difference Stationary Time Series: Implications for
Business Cycle Research, Journal of Economic Dynamics & Control 19,
253-278.
-
Murray, C.J., 2000, Cyclical Properties of Baxter-King Filtered
Time Series, Working Paper, University of Houston.
6. Time Trends, Unit Roots, and Structural Breaks
-
Hamilton, ch. 15-17
-
Enders, ch. 4
-
*Nelson, C.R. and C.I. Plosser, 1982, Trends and Random Walks
in Macroeconomic Time Series: Some Evidence and Implications, Journal of
Monetary Economics 10, 139-162.
-
*Campbell, J. and G. Mankiw, 1987, Are Output Fluctuations
Transitory, Quarterly Journal of Economics 102, 857-880.
-
*Cochrane, J., 1988, How Big Is the Random Walk in GNP? Journal
of Political Economy 96, 893-920.
-
Stock, J. and M. Watson, 1988, Variable Trends in Economic
Time Series, Journal of Economic Perspectives 2, 147-174.
-
Campbell, J. and Pierre Perron, 1991, Pitfalls and Opportunities:
What Macroeconomists Should Know About Unit Roots, in NBER Macroeconomic
Annual, 141-201.
-
Stock, J., 1994, Unit Roots, Structural Breaks and Trends,
in Handbook of Econometrics 4, 2739-2841.
-
*Kwiatkowski, D., P. Phillips, P. Schmidt, and Y. Shin, 1992,
Testing the Null Hypothesis of Stationarity Against the Alternative of
a Unit Root, Journal of Econometrics 54, 159-178.
-
*Perron, P., 1989, The Great Crash, The Oil Price Shock,
and the Unit Root Hypothesis, Econometrica 57, 1361-1401.
-
*Zivot, E. and D.W.K. Andrews, 1992, Further Evidence on
the Great Crash, the Oil-Price Shock, and the Unit-Root Hypothesis, Journal
of Business and Economic Statistics 10, 251-270.
-
Engle, R.F. and A.D. Smith, 1999, Stochastic Permanent Breaks,
Review of Economics and Statistics 81, 553-574.
7. Cointegration
-
Hamilton, ch. 18-20
-
Stock, J. and M. Watson, 1988, Variable Trends in Economic
Time Series, Journal of Economic Perspectives 2, 147-174.
-
Campbell, J. and Pierre Perron, 1991, Pitfalls and Opportunities:
What Macroeconomists Should Know About Unit Roots, in NBER Macroeconomic
Annual, 141-201.
-
Watson, M., 1994, Vector Autoregressions and Cointegration,
in Handbook of Econometrics 4, 2843-2915.
-
Horvath, M.T.K. and M.W. Watson, 1995, Testing for Cointegration
When Some of the Cointegrating Vectors Are Prespecified, Econometric Theory
11, 984-1014.
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*King, R.G., C.I. Plosser, J.H. Stock, and M.W. Watson, 1991,
Stochastic Trends and Economic Fluctuations, American Economic Review 81,
819-840.
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Zivot, E., 1997, Cointegration and Forward and Spot Exchange
Rate Regressions, Working Paper, University of Washington.
8. Markov Switching and Asymmetry
-
Hamilton, ch. 22
-
Kim and Nelson, ch. 4-5
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*Hamilton, J.D., 1989, A New Approach to the Economic Analysis
of Nonstationary Time Series and the Business Cycle, Econometrica 57, 357-384.
-
*Engel, C.R. and J.D. Hamilton, 1990, Long Swings in the
Dollar: Are They in the Data and Do Markets Know It?” American Economic
Review 80, 689-713.
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*Lam, P.-S., 1990, The Hamilton Model with a General Autoregressive
Component, Journal of Monetary Economics 26, 409-432.
-
*Beaudry, P. and G. Koop, 1993, Do Recessions Permanently
Change Output? Journal of Monetary Economics 31, 149-163.
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Hansen, B.E., 1996, Inference in TAR Models, Working Paper,
Boston College.
9. ARCH Models of Volatility
-
Hamilton, ch. 21
-
Kim and Nelson, ch. 6
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*Engle, R.F., 1982, Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity
with Estimates of the Variance of U.K. Inflation, Econometrica 50, 987-1008.
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Bollerslev, T., 1986, Generalize Autoregressive Conditional
Heteroskedasticity, Journal of Econometrics 31, 307-327.
-
*Engle, R.F., D.M. Lilien, and R.P. Robbins, 1987, Estimating
Time Varying Risk Premia in the Term Structure: the ARCH-M Model, Econometrica
55, 391-408.
SOME OTHER PAPERS OF INTEREST
International Finance
-
*Eichenbaum, M. and C.L. Evans, 1995, Some Empirical Evidence
on the Effects of Shocks to Monetary Policy on Exchange Rates, Quarterly
Journal of Economics 110, 975-1009.
-
*Mark, N.C., 1995, Exchange Rates and Fundamentals: Evidence
on Long-Horizon Predictability, American Economic Review 85, 201-218.
-
*Evans, M.D.D. and J.R. Lothian, 1993, The Response of Exchange
Rates to Permanent and Transitory Shocks under Floating Exchange Rates,
Journal of International Money and Finance 12, 563-586.
-
*Gregory, A.W., A.C. Head, and J. Raynauld, 1997, Measuring
World Business Cycles, International Economic Review 38, 677-701.
-
*Engel, C., 1994, Can the Markov Switching Model Forecast
Exchange Rates? Journal of International Economics 36, 151-165.
-
*Evans, M.D.D. and K.K. Lewis, 1995, Do Long-Term Swings
in the Dollar Affect Estimates of the Risk Premia? Review of Financial
Studies 8, 709-742.
-
*Obstfeld, M. and A.M. Taylor, 1997, Nonlinear Aspects of
Goods-Market Arbitrage and Adjustment: Heckscher’s Commodity Points Revisited,
Journal of the Japanese and International Economies 11, 441-479.
Finance
-
*Fama, E.F. and K.R. French, 1988, Permanent and Temporary
Components of Stock Prices, Journal of Political Economy 96, 246-273.
-
*Poterba, J.M. and L.H. Summers, 1988, Mean Reversion in
Stock Prices: Evidence and Implications, Journal of Financial Economics
22, 27-59.
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*Kim, M.-J., C.R. Nelson, and R. Startz, 1991, Mean Reversion
in Stock Prices? A Reappraisal of the Empirical Evidence, Review of Economic
Studies 48, 515-528.
-
*Nelson, C.R. and M.J. Kim, 1993, Predictable Stock Returns:
The Role of Small Sample Bias, Journal of Finance 48, 641-661.
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*French, K.R., G.W. Schwert, and R.F. Stambaugh, 1987, Expected
Stock Returns and Volatility, Journal of Financial Economics 19, 3-29.
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*Turner, C.M., R. Startz, and C.R. Nelson, 1989, A Markov
Model of Heteroskedasticity, Risk, and Learning in the Stock Market, Journal
of Financial Economics 25, 3-22.
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*Campbell, J.Y. and L. Hentschel, 1992, No News Is Good News:
An Asymmetric Model of Changing Volatility in Stock Returns, Journal of
Financial Economics 31 281-318.
-
*Hamilton, J.D. and R. Susmel, 1994, Autoregressive Conditional
Heteroskedasticity and Changes in Regime, Journal of Econometrics 64, 307-333.
Last Updated: January 19, 2001